tyroid - ορισμός. Τι είναι το tyroid
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Τι (ποιος) είναι tyroid - ορισμός

ENDOCRINE GLAND IN THE NECK; SECRETES HORMONES THAT INFLUENCE METABOLISM
Thyroid gland; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid gland cell; Thyroid glands; Thyroid isthmus; Tiroid; Tyroid; Thiroid; Thyroid gland disorders; Isthmus of the thyroid gland; Lobes of thyroid gland; Thyroidea; Glandula thyroidea; Thyroidal; Glandula thyreoidea; Euthyroid; Isthmus of the thyroid; Pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland; Pyramidal lobe; Thyroid function; Lalouette's pyramid; Pyramid of thyroid; Lalouette's Pyramid; Follicular lumen; Glandula thyreoides; Glandula thyroides; Isthmus glandulae thyreoideae; Isthmus glandulae thyroideae; Isthmus glandulae thyreoidis; Isthmus glandulae thyroidis; Lobuli glandulae thyreoideae; Lobuli glandulae thyreoidis; Lobuli glandulae thyroidis; Lobus pyramidalis glandulae thyreoideae; Lobus pyramidalis glandulae thyroideae; Lobus pyramidalis glandulae thyreoidis; Lobus pyramidalis glandulae thyroidis; Lobus pyramidalis glandulae thyreodis; Lobus pyramidalis glandulae thyrodis; Lobus pyramidicus glandulae thyreoideae; Lobus pyramidicus glandulae thyroideae; Lobus pyramidicus glandulae thyreoidis; Lobus pyramidicus glandulae thyroidis; Lobus pyramidicus glandulae thyreodis; Lobus pyramidicus glandulae thyrodis; Thyreoid gland; Glandula thyreoidica; Thyreoid; Follicular lumens; Lalouette's pyramids; Lalouettes pyramids; Lalouettes pyramid; Lobes of the thyroid gland; Pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland; Pyramidal lobes of thyroid gland; Pyramidal lobes of the thyroid glands; Pyramidal lobes of thyroid glands; User:Tom (LT)/sandbox/Thyroid hormone production; User:LT910001/sandbox/Thyroid hormone production; Thyroid colloid
  • alt=Image showing the thyroid gland surrounding the cricoid cartilage
  • Clear ''pyramidal lobe'' (center) as viewed from the front
  • Goat affected by a [[goitre]]
  • Child affected by [[Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome]], associated with a lack of iodine.<ref>The thyroid gland in health and disease Year: 1917 [[Robert McCarrison]]</ref>
  • coin dating from 431 to 424 BCE]].
  • endothelial]] cells
  • tyrosyl]] residues in its protein chain (in total containing approximately 120 tyrosyl residues).
<br>- In ''conjugation'', adjacent tyrosyl residues are paired together.
<br>- The entire complex re-enters the follicular cell by [[endocytosis]].
<br>- [[Proteolysis]] by various [[protease]]s liberates [[thyroxine]] and [[triiodothyronine]] molecules, which enters the blood by largely unknown mechanisms.
  • alt=Diagram explaining the relationship between the thyroid hormones T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub>, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)

thyroid         
['???r??d]
¦ noun
1. (also thyroid gland) a large ductless gland in the neck which secretes hormones regulating growth and development through the rate of metabolism.
an extract prepared from the thyroid gland of animals and used in treating deficiency of thyroid hormones.
2. (also thyroid cartilage) a large cartilage of the larynx, a projection of which forms the Adam's apple in humans.
Origin
C18: from Gk (khondros) thureoeides 'shield-shaped (cartilage)', from thureos 'oblong shield'.
thyroid         
(thyroids)
Your thyroid or your thyroid gland is a gland in your neck that produces chemicals which control the way your body grows and functions.
N-COUNT
Thyroid         
·adj Shaped like an oblong shield; shield-shaped; as, the thyroid cartilage.
II. Thyroid ·adj Of or pertaining to the thyroid body, thyroid cartilage, or thyroid artery; thyroideal.

Βικιπαίδεια

Thyroid

The thyroid, or thyroid gland, is an endocrine gland in vertebrates. In humans, it is in the neck and consists of two connected lobes. The lower two thirds of the lobes are connected by a thin band of tissue called the thyroid. The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck below the Adam's apple. Microscopically, the functional unit of the thyroid gland is the spherical thyroid follicle, lined with follicular cells (thyrocytes), and occasional parafollicular cells that surround a lumen containing colloid. The thyroid gland secretes three hormones: the two thyroid hormones – triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) – and a peptide hormone, calcitonin. The thyroid hormones influence the metabolic rate and protein synthesis and growth and development in children. Calcitonin plays a role in calcium homeostasis. Secretion of the two thyroid hormones is regulated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is secreted from the anterior pituitary gland. TSH is regulated by thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which is produced by the hypothalamus.

Thyroid disorders include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid inflammation (thyroiditis), thyroid enlargement (goitre), thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by excessive secretion of thyroid hormones: the most common cause is the autoimmune disorder Graves' disease. Hypothyroidism is characterized by a deficient secretion of thyroid hormones: the most common cause is iodine deficiency. In iodine-deficient regions, hypothyroidism secondary to iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable intellectual disability in children. In iodine-sufficient regions, the most common cause of hypothyroidism is the autoimmune disorder Hashimoto's thyroiditis.